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Biomicrofluidics / Volume 3 / Issue 2 / SPECIAL TOPIC: PAPERS FROM THE 2009 CONFERENCE ON ADVANCES IN MICROFLUIDICS AND NANOFLUIDICS, THE HONG KONG UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, HONG KONG, 2009 (GUEST EDITOR: LESLIE Y. YEO)

Biomicrofluidics 3, 022404 (2009); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3122594 (14 pages)

Pressure-driven transport of particles through a converging-diverging microchannel

Ye Ai1, Sang W. Joo2, Yingtao Jiang3, Xiangchun Xuan4, and Shizhi Qian1

1Department of Aerospace Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
2School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyongsan 712749, South Korea
3Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
4Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, USA

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(Received 13 January 2009; accepted 30 March 2009; published online 22 April 2009)

Pressure-driven transport of particles through a symmetric converging-diverging microchannel is studied by solving a coupled nonlinear system, which is composed of the Navier–Stokes and continuity equations using the arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian finite-element technique. The predicted particle translation is in good agreement with existing experimental observations. The effects of pressure gradient, particle size, channel geometry, and a particle’s initial location on the particle transport are investigated. The pressure gradient has no effect on the ratio of the translational velocity of particles through a converging-diverging channel to that in the upstream straight channel. Particles are generally accelerated in the converging region and then decelerated in the diverging region, with the maximum translational velocity at the throat. For particles with diameters close to the width of the channel throat, the usual acceleration process is divided into three stages: Acceleration, deceleration, and reacceleration instead of a monotonic acceleration. Moreover, the maximum translational velocity occurs at the end of the first acceleration stage rather than at the throat. Along the centerline of the microchannel, particles do not rotate, and the closer a particle is located near the channel wall, the higher is its rotational velocity. Analysis of the transport of two particles demonstrates the feasibility of using a converging-diverging microchannel for passive (biological and synthetic) particle separation and ordering.

© 2009 American Institute of Physics

Article Outline

  1. INTRODUCTION
  2. MATHEMATICAL MODEL
  3. COMPUTATIONAL METHOD AND CODE VALIDATION
  4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
    1. Transient transport of a particle
    2. Effect of pressure gradient
    3. Effect of particle size
    4. Effect of the cross-sectional area
    5. Effect of transverse location of the particle
    6. Separation of two particles
  5. CONCLUSIONS

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KEYWORDS and PACS

Keywords

bioMEMS, finite element analysis, microchannel flow, microfluidics, Navier-Stokes equations, particle size

PACS

ARTICLE DATA

Digital Object Identifier
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3122594

PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN

1932-1058 (print)  
1932-1058 (online)

Publisher

$abstract.society.value is a Member of CrossRef American Institute of Physics

For access to fully linked references, you need to log in.
    T. M. Squires and S. R. Quake, Rev. Mod. Phys. 77, 977 (2005).

    D. W. Trahan and P. S. Doyle, Biomicrofluidics 3, 012803 (2009)BIOMGB000003000001012803000001.


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